Weights & Measures Tables
AVOIRDUPOIS OR COMMERCIAL WEIGHT
1 gross or long ton (l. tn.) | = | 2240 pounds |
1 net or short ton (sh. tn.) | = | 2000 pounds |
1 long hundred weight (l. cwt.) | = | 112 pounds |
1 short hundred weight (sh. cwt.) | = | 100 pounds |
1 pound (lb.) = 16 ounces (oz.) | = | 7000 grains (gr.) |
1 ounce (oz.) = 16 drams (dr.) | = | 437.5 grains |
APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT
1 pound (lb. ap.) | = | 12 ounces | = | 5760 grains |
1 ounce (oz. ap.) | = | 8 drams | = | 480 grains |
1 dram (dr. ap.) | = | 3 scruples | = | 60 grains |
1 scruple (s. ap.) | = | 20 grains | | |
METRIC EQUIVALENTS AVOIRDUPOIS OR COMMERCIAL WEIGHT
1 long ton | = | 1.016 metric ton | = | 1016 kilograms |
1 short tun | = | 0.9072 metric ton | = | 907.2 kilograms |
1 pound av. | = | 0.4356 kilograms | = | 453.6 grams |
1 ounce av. | = | 28.35 grams (g) | | |
1 grain (gr.) | = | 0.0648 gram (g) | | |
TROY WEIGHT
1 pound (lb. t.) | = | 12 ounces | = | 5760 grains |
1 ounce (oz. t.) | = | 20 pennyweights | = | 480 grains |
1 pennyweight (dwt.) | = | 24 grains | | |
METRIC WEIGHT
1 metric ton (t) | = | 1000 kilograms | | |
1 kilogram (or kilo) (kg) | = | 1000 grams | = | 10 hectograms |
1 hectogram (hg) | = | 100 grams | = | 10 dekagrams |
1 dekagram (dkg) | = | 10 grams | | |
1 gram (g) | = | 10 decigrams | | |
1 decigram (dg) | = | 10 centigrams | | |
1 centigram (cg) | = | 10 milligrams (mg) | | |
AVOIRDUPOIS EQUIVALENTS OF METRIC WEIGHT
1 ton (metric) | = | 0.9842 long ton | = | 2204.6 pounds av. |
1 ton (metric) | = | 1.1023 short ton | = | 2204.6 pounds av. |
1 kilogram | = | 2.2046 pounds av. | = | 35.274 ounces av. |
1 gram | = | 0.03527 ounces av. | | |
1 gram | = | 15.432 grains | | |
TROY AND APOTHECARIES' WEIGHTS EQUIVALENTS IN AVOIRDUPOIS AND METRIC WEIGHT
1 pound Troy or apothecaries' | = | 0.82286 pounds avoirdupois | = | 373.2 grams |
1 ounce Troy or apothecaries' | = | 1.09714 ounce avoirdupois | = | 31.103 grams |
1 grain Troy or apothecaries' | = | 1 grain avoirdupois | = | 0.0648 gram |
1 pound avoirsupois | = | 1.21528 pound Troy or apothecaries' | | |
1 kilogram (kg) | = | 0.911458 ounce Troy or apothecaries' | | |
1 gram (g) | = | 0.0322 ounce Troy or apothecaries' | | |
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MEASURES OF LENGTH
1 mile (mi.) | = | 1760 yards | = | 5280 feet | = | 1.609 kilometers |
1 yard (yd.) | = | 3 feet | = | 36 inches | = | 0.9144 meter |
1 foot (ft.) | = | 12 inches | = | 304.8 millimeters | | |
1 inch (in.) | = | 25.4 millimeters | | | | |
1 kilometer (km) | = | 1000 meter | | | | |
1 meter (m) | = | 10 decimeter | = | 3.2808 feet | = | 39.37 inches |
1 decimeter (dm) | = | 10 centimeter | = | 3.937 inches | | |
1 centimeter (cm) | = | 10 millimeter (mm) | = | 0.3937 inches | | |
FLUID POWER EQUIVALENTS / EXACT EQUIVALENTS
1 U.S. gallon | = | 231 cubic inches |
| = | 4 quarts or 8 pints |
| = | 128 ounces (liquid) |
| = | 133.37 ounces (weight) |
| = | 8.3356 pounds |
| = | 3.785 liters |
1 imperial gallon | = | 1.2 U.S. gallons |
1 Liter | = | 0.2642 U.S. gallons |
1 cubic foot | = | 7.48 gallons |
| = | 1728 cubic inches |
| = | 62.4 pounds (water) |
| = | 760 mm Hg |
1 Cu. ft. water | = | 62.4 pounds |
1 Bar at sea level | = | 14.504 PSI |
Approx. 1/2 PSI decrease | each | 1000 foot of elevation |
1 "Hg | = | 0.490 PSI |
| = | 1.131 ft. water |
1 horsepower | = | 33,000 ft. lbs. per minute |
| = | 550 ft. lbs. per second |
| = | 42.4 BTU per minute |
| = | 2545 BTU per hour |
| = | 746 watts or 0.746 kw |
1 PSI | = | 2.0416 "Hg |
| = | 27.72 " water |
| = | 27.71 bar |
1 Atmosphere | = | 1.013 bars |
| = | 29.921 "Hg |
| = | 14.696 PSI |
| = | 760 mm Hg |
1 Foot water column | = | 0.432 PSI |
1 Foot oil column | = | 0.354 PSI |
1 Barrel oil | = | 42 gallons |
1 Micro-meter (micron) | = | 0.000001 meter |
| = | 0.001 centimeter |
| = | 0.00004 inch |
25 Micro-meters | = | 0.001 inch |
FLUID POWER EQUIVALENTS / APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENTS
1 Pint = 2 cups = 32 tablespoons = 96 teaspoons = 16 fluid ounces = 1 lb.
1 Quart = 4 cups = 2 pints = 32 fluid ounces = 2 pounds
1 Gallon = 16 cups = 4 quarts = 8 pints = 128 fluid ounces = 231 cubic inches
1 Cup = 16 tablespoons = 48 teaspoons
1 Tablespoon = 3 tsp. = 1/2 fluid ounce
1 Fluid oz. (volume) = 600 drops hydraulic oil
1 Cubic inch = 330 drops (oil)
FLUID POWER ABBREVIATIONS
abs | absolute (as in psia) |
A-C | alternating current |
Bhn | Brinell hardness number |
Btu | British thermal unit |
C | degrees Centigrade (Celsius) |
cc | closed center |
ccw | counter clockwise |
cfm | cubic feet per minute |
cfs | cubic feet per second |
cir | cubic inches per revolution |
cim | cubic inches per minute |
com | common |
cpm | cycles per minute |
cps | cycles per second |
cu.in/rev | cubic inches per revolution |
cw | clockwise |
cyl | cylinder |
dia | diameter |
ext | external |
F | degrees Farenheit |
fl | fluid |
fpm | feet per minute |
ft | foot |
ft-lb | foot pound |
gal | gallon |
gpm | gallons per minute |
Hg | Mercury |
HP | horsepower |
Hz | Hertz |
ID | inside diameter |
in | inch |
in-lb | inch pound |
int | internal |
ipm | inches per minute |
ips | inches per second |
lb | pound |
max | maximum |
min | minimum |
mtd | mounted |
NC | normally closed |
NO | normally open |
NPT | national pipe thread |
NPTF | dryseal pipe threads |
oc | open center |
oz | ounce |
P.O. | pilot operated |
press | pressure |
psi | pounds per square inch |
psia | psi absolute |
psig | psi gauge |
pt | pint |
qt | quart |
r | radius |
rms | root mean square |
rpm | revolutions per minute |
rps | revolutions per second |
scfm | standard cu. ft. per minute |
Smls | seamless |
sol | solenoid |
SSU | Saybolt seconds universal |
SUS | Saybolt universal seconds |
u | micro-meters or microns |
T | torque |
vac | vacuum |
VI | viscosity index |
visc | viscosity |